OK great - thanks for confirming @rjeasy 
In the window you took screenshot for, it DOES look like your user account is owner, which is perfect! 
Can you please open that dialog again and check the box Substituir todas as entradas de permissao do objeto subordinado por entradas de permissao herdaveis deste objeto and then click Aplicar
I believe this will fix the issue for you. Once you do that, relaunching Brave should work.
In short: I suspect the permissions issue was the root cause. Running as admin was hiding the problem and makes it look like everything is working. Chromium then removed this ability with https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/chromium/src/+/6515318 which landed in Chromium 138 (Brave version 1.80) which is why we see the problem now.